Private credit funds: direct lending, BDCs and credit ELTIFs compared

Private credit funds lend directly to companies instead of buying bonds on an exchange. For individual investors the entry points are US non-traded BDCs such as Blackstone’s BCRED and Apollo Debt Solutions, exchange-listed BDCs, European ELTIFs and Luxembourg semi-liquid vehicles. The pitch is the same everywhere — senior secured, floating-rate loans paying a high monthly or quarterly distribution — but the terms differ sharply.

The figures to compare are on this page: the distribution yield and whether net investment income actually covers it, the management and incentive fees (typically 1.25% plus 12.5% over a hurdle), the share of first-lien loans, and the repurchase terms. 2026 has been a stress test: several of the largest funds prorated redemption requests at their 5% quarterly caps. Those episodes are recorded factually on each fund’s page.

Amundi Private Markets ELTIF

Amundi Private Markets ELTIF

Amundi Luxembourg

Private Equity, Private Credit, Infrastructure

Minimum

€1,000

Management fee

2.73%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Andera Dette Privée

Andera Dette Privée

Andera Partners

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

France

Apollo Debt Solutions BDC (ADS)

Apollo Debt Solutions BDC (ADS)

Apollo Global Management, Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

$2,500

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

Apollo European Private Credit ELTIF

Apollo European Private Credit ELTIF

Apollo Global Management, Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

2.45%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Apollo Global Diversified Credit ELTIF

Apollo Global Diversified Credit ELTIF

Apollo Global Management, Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

€10,000

Management fee

1.95%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Ares Capital Corporation

Ares Capital Corporation

Ares Management

Debt Fund

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

1.5%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

United States

Ares European Strategic Income Fund (AESIF)

Ares European Strategic Income Fund (AESIF)

Ares Management

Private Credit

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Ares Strategic Income Fund (ASIF)

Ares Strategic Income Fund (ASIF)

Ares Management

Private Credit

Minimum

$2,500

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

ASN Energie & Innovatiefonds

ASN Energie & Innovatiefonds

ASN Impact Investors

Private Credit, Infrastructure

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Netherlands

ASN Microkredietfonds

ASN Microkredietfonds

ASN Impact Investors

Private Credit

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

2.3%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Netherlands

Aubley Vastrentende Obligaties

Aubley Vastrentende Obligaties

Aubley

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Netherlands

AXA Financement Entreprises

AXA Financement Entreprises

AXA IM Alts

Private Credit

Minimum

€75,000

Management fee

2.02%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

France

BB Capital Private Credit Fund

BB Capital Private Credit Fund

BB Capital

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1.5%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

Blackstone ECRED

Blackstone ECRED

Blackstone

Private Credit

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

$2,500

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

Blackstone Secured Lending Fund (BXSL)

Blackstone Secured Lending Fund (BXSL)

Blackstone

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

United States

Blue Owl Alternative Credit Fund

Blue Owl Alternative Credit Fund

Blue Owl Capital Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

0.75%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

Blue Owl Credit Income Corp.

Blue Owl Credit Income Corp.

Blue Owl Capital Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

$25,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

BNP Diversified Private Credit Fund

BNP Diversified Private Credit Fund

BNP Paribas

Private Credit

Minimum

€30,000

Management fee

1.15%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

BridgeFund Beleggen

BridgeFund Beleggen

BridgeFund B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

Bufr Fonds Vastgoedhypotheken 4

Bufr Fonds Vastgoedhypotheken 4

Bufr Investeringsfonds B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Netherlands

Minimum

€50,000

Management fee

1.2%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

CollerCredit

CollerCredit

Coller

Private Credit

Minimum

€50,000

Management fee

1.5%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

€10,000

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Eurazeo Private Value Europe 3

Eurazeo Private Value Europe 3

Eurazeo

Private Credit, Private Equity

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1.88%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

France

Floryn Beleggen

Floryn Beleggen

Floryn B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Netherlands

Fresh Dutch SME Fund

Fresh Dutch SME Fund

OHV Institutional Asset Management B.V.

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€1

Management fee

0.96%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

HPS Corporate Lending Fund (HLEND)

HPS Corporate Lending Fund (HLEND)

HPS Investment Partners

Private Credit

Minimum

$2,500

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

United States

Minimum

€10,000

Management fee

2.1%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

KKR Income Trust I (KIT)

KKR Income Trust I (KIT)

KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.)

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

LGT Global Private Credit (LGPC)

LGT Global Private Credit (LGPC)

LGT Capital Partners

Private Credit

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

1.5%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

M&G Corporate Credit Opportunities ELTIF

M&G Corporate Credit Opportunities ELTIF

M&G Luxembourg S.A.

Private Credit

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.47%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Mogelijk Zakelijke Hypotheken Fonds 21

Mogelijk Zakelijke Hypotheken Fonds 21

Mogelijk Fondsenbeheer B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

0.7%

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Netherlands

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.6%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Muzinich European Private Credit ELTIF

Muzinich European Private Credit ELTIF

Muzinich & Co.

Private Credit

Minimum

€1,000

Management fee

1.4%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Natixis Multi Private Assets Navigator

Natixis Multi Private Assets Navigator

Natixis Investment Managers

Multi-Asset, Private Equity, Private Credit, Infrastructure

Minimum

€10,000

Management fee

1.65%

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Luxembourg

Nederlands Hypotheek Fonds

Nederlands Hypotheek Fonds

NHF Beheer B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

NLI Bedrijfsleningen fonds II

NLI Bedrijfsleningen fonds II

NLInvesteert

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1.2%

Liquidity

Low (5+ years)

Domicile

Netherlands

NLI Bedrijfsleningenfonds VI

NLI Bedrijfsleningenfonds VI

NLInvesteert

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1.2%

Liquidity

Low (5+ years)

Domicile

Netherlands

Oikocredit Participations

Oikocredit Participations

Oikocredit, Ecumenical Development Cooperative Society U.A.

Private Credit

Minimum

€200

Management fee

N/A

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

0.65%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Partners Group Private Loans

Partners Group Private Loans

Partners Group

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

0.65%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

€25,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Minimum

€5,000,000

Management fee

0.5%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Luxembourg

StepStone Private Credit ELTIF (SCRED Europe)

StepStone Private Credit ELTIF (SCRED Europe)

StepStone Group Inc.

Private Credit

Minimum

€1,000,000

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Tikehau European Private Credit (TEPC)

Tikehau European Private Credit (TEPC)

Tikehau Capital

Private Credit

Minimum

€40,000

Management fee

1.15%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Luxembourg

Triodos Fair Share Fund

Triodos Fair Share Fund

Triodos Investment Management

Private Credit

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

2.2%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Netherlands

Triodos Groenfonds (TGF)

Triodos Groenfonds (TGF)

Triodos Investment Management

Private Credit

Minimum

N/A

Management fee

0.85%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Netherlands

Triodos Microfinance Fund (TMFF)

Triodos Microfinance Fund (TMFF)

Triodos Investment Management

Private Credit

Minimum

€250,000

Management fee

1.75%

Liquidity

High (<1 year)

Domicile

Luxembourg

United Growth MKB Fonds II

United Growth MKB Fonds II

United Growth Fondsbeheer B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

0.85%

Liquidity

Medium (1-5 years)

Domicile

Netherlands

Vastgoed Financiering Fonds FGR

Vastgoed Financiering Fonds FGR

Vastgoed Financiering Fonds Beheer B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

1%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

W&O ABS Fund

W&O ABS Fund

Wijs & van Oostveen Fund Management B.V.

Private Credit, Debt Fund

Minimum

€10,000

Management fee

1.25%

Liquidity

Semi-liquid

Domicile

Netherlands

WDL Hypotheek Fonds I

WDL Hypotheek Fonds I

WDL Kredietfondsen B.V.

Private Credit

Minimum

€100,000

Management fee

0.55%

Liquidity

Low (5+ years)

Domicile

Netherlands